SAP Table

Posted by David DeLauro on Saturday, August 15. 2009 at 09:37 in Soap
If you want to figure out--on your own--the amount of lye to use in your soap, you will want to use the SAP a values. A much easier way is to use the Lye Calculator.

To calculate the SAP value for a combination of oils first you need to convert all your measurements into a single unit of measure. For example. A mixture of oils consisting of 2 Lb Olive Oil, 1Lb 4oz Coconut Oil, 12oz Palm Oil will be: 32oz Olive Oil, 20oz Coconut Oil, 12oz Palm Oil.

Next you multiply each weight by the Value in the table for each oil and add them all together. This will be: 32 (0.134) + 20 (0.183) + 12 (0.144) = 9.676

Because SAP values are for sodium hydroxide in this sap table we have to make an adjustment if we are using potassuim hydroxide. To convert simply multiply the figure by 1.4.

Therefore, to produce a fully saponified soap using 2Lb (32oz) Olive Oil: 1Lb 4oz (20oz) Coconut Oil and 12oz of Palm Oil you will need 9.68oz of Sodium Hydroxide.

To superfat your soap, simply discount this figure. To create a 5% discount you multiply the amount of lye by 0.95 (95%).

For most batches of soap you will want to have between 27% and 38% of the total weight as the figure you use to determine the amount of water you are adding. So, in the above case we would figure that the minimum amount of water we want to add would be 64oz * 0.27 = 17.28 oz of water.

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I was trying tonunderstand the SAP table. However, I cannot figure out how to come up with the figures:
0.5 (189.7) + 0.3125 (268) + 0.1875 (199.1)

particularly the 189.7, 268, and 199.1
Please clarify...thanks
#1 moi on 2009-10-27 20:53 (Reply)
If you divide those numbers by 1400 you will see the same numbers as in the SAP table. Sorry for the confusion.
#1.1 David (Homepage) on 2009-11-16 12:05 (Reply)
To David DeLauro,
i am so curious in soap making. but I am confuse what kind of lye is to use. when the lye table say that I should use a 5.34 oz of lye for my soap making, is it means that I should have prepare a 5.34 oz of lye solution or 5.34 oz of pure NaOH.
I am expecting for your kind response. thanx! and God bless!
#2 raffysantillan on 2009-11-07 19:36 (Reply)
When you figure the amount of lye, it is the amount of pure NaOH you need. To figure out the amount of liquid to use, you need to multiply the weight by .30 (30%).

Once you have the amount of lye you need and the amount of liquid.. you can mix the lye into the liquid.

Peace
#2.1 David (Homepage) on 2009-11-16 12:03 (Reply)
Hi, I am confused by something in your example. Basically, what is the difference between a "SAP Velue" and a "SAP #"
Because there are different numbers in the chart and the "value" is not in the chart.

You have 199.1 for the Palm Oil Value but in the chart SAP# is 0.144

I must be missing something here?
#3 Bonnie on 2009-11-11 18:40 (Reply)
That number (199.1) was the KOH number... I have NaOH numbers in my SAP table (most modern SAP tables use only NaOH numbers now). The conversion is simple: 199.1 / 1400 = (about) .144.

Hopefully the new explanation is clearer.
#3.1 David (Homepage) on 2009-11-16 12:00 (Reply)
Sorry about that everyone. I've updated the example to be more clear (it even confused me!). I've taken out the fancy percentage math that most soapers use for the more efficient (though you are doing the same thing just in fewer steps) by weight math. In fact this is the exact math that the lye caclulator uses on most websites (including mine)
#4 David (Homepage) on 2009-11-16 11:56 (Reply)
how do you determine the amount of lye you put in the soap after calculation...which number do I use...it is a little confussing...please advise...thanks...valerie
#5 Valerie on 2009-11-28 12:55 (Reply)
Valerie,

I'm not sure I understand your confusion. Could you describe what is difficult?

32 (0.134) + 20 (0.183) + 12 (0.144) = 9.676

means you would use 9.676 oz of lye
#5.1 David (Homepage) on 2009-11-30 11:02 (Reply)

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